Representing a brandnew important research field, the periodontal medical science contains far-reaching clinical significance. The incidence and development of periodontitis are influenced by susceptible factors of the hosts while its therapeutic effect influenced by diseases and conditions of the entire body.

According to the foreign media, about 24% of the patients who are suffering periodontal diseases demanded a consultation by physicians due to their general diseases. Therefore, periodontitis is no longer a mere local problem of the mouth.

1. Cardiovascular diseases and periodontal treatment
It’s emphasized by American Heart Association that patients, being susceptible to infectious endocarditis, should take particular care of their oral hygiene to reduce bacteria-infected blood. In case of suffering rheumatic heart disease or congenital heart disease or being implanted with any artificial cardiac valve, patients should take antibiotics when undergoing periodontal checkup or receiving related treatment. Before the treatment, patients should gargle with peroxide (1% -3%) or chlorhexidine (0.112%) to reduce bacteria in the oral cavity.
For patients that have suffered myocardial infarction or accidents of brain blood vessels within 6 months or those in an unstable status of angina pectoris, regular periodontal treatment should be avoided or emergency treatment only.
For patients that have been implanted with a heart pacemaker of certain types, no ultrasonic tooth scaler or other electrical appliances should be used so as not to disturb the functions of the heart pacemaker.

For patients suffering high blood pressure or coronary heart disease, treatment should be carried out when they have taken medicines and their conditions are kept stable. Meanwhile, they should be prevented from being too nervous. Patients suffering cardiovascular diseases and susceptible persons to those diseases, such as those with hyperlipidemia or a family history, should undergo an overall periodontal checkup and receive necessary treatment. The long-term maintenance of periodontal health should be listed as an important part in the health education among such patients.

2. Diabetes and periodontal treatment
Patients suffering poor control of sugar metabolism or severe complications should undergo emergency periodontal treatment only, such as the treatment of acute periodontal abscess. Meanwhile, antibiotics should be used to control the infection. For patients of diabetes with stable blood sugar level shall receive regular periodontal treatment. For those in severe conditions, antibiotics should be used as a preventive measure, paying attention to self-control of their bacterial plaques and regular recheck.

Over the recent years, the incidence of diabetes characterized by rapid augment inclined to be younger. There are still unidentified patients of diabetes among the public. In the clinical practice, necessary internal checkup should be carried out to those patients with generalized and severe periodontitis or frequent and repeated acute abscess to identify possibilities of potential associated diabetes.

3. Abnormal blood coagulation mechanism and periodontal treatment
As patients requiring anticoagulant on a long-term basis for diseases such as high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, and serious liver diseases, they are apt to suffer periodontal bleeding. Before periodontal cleaning, curettage or any operation, their thrombinogen time should be measured and their treatment should be carried out in a gentle manner to reduce trauma, and attention should be paid to hemostasis. For patients suffering diseases that may lead to abnormal bleeding, purpura haemorrhagica, haemophilia or severe liver diseases, etc., close cooperation with physicians is required and the periodontal treatment should be conducted with enough care.

4. Others 
People will be infected with infectious liver diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, tuberculosis through blood, saliva, wound in the skin mucus during treatment activities in the department of stomatology. In the clinical diagnosis and treatment, cross infection should be strictly prevented. In case of active infectious diseases, only emergency treatment, instead of regular periodontal treatment, shall be carried out. In case of periodontal treatment for the elder partients, a thorough understanding of their general diseases and relevant treatment should be conducted, plus risk assessment related to periodontitis as well as a proper post-recovery diagnosis and treatment plan. In general, means of non-operative treatment are the first option and prominence should be attached to the bacterial plaques and inflammation control.